Lathe-chuck.



0.1. l\/IAI\JUELl da NI. L. RICHARDSON.

LATHE CHUCK. APPUCATION FILED. Nov. e. 191'6.

Pateted Aug. 28, 1917.

NlllElll TAVlE@ ATENT lElFlfGU.

@HABILES J". MANUEL AND MARSHALL L. RICHARDSON, 0F WALTI-IAM, MASSACHU-SETTS.

LATHE-CHUCK.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug.. 28, 1917..

Application led November 6, 1916. Serial No. 129,655.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known thatwe, CHARLES J. MANUEL and MARSHALL L. RICHARDSON,citizens of the United States, and residents of W'altham, in the countyof Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement inLathe-Chucks, of which the following description, in connection with theaccompanying drawings, is a specification, like letters on the drawingsrepresenting like parts.

Our present invention is an improved chuck adapted to hold work of anysort in a lathe, or other machine tool, preferably a rotary tool, forgrinding, turning or similar work. The objects of the invention are toprovide a simple and improved construction of such a chuck having radialjaws to hold the work, and efficient means to operate said jaws throughthe rotation of the chuck 1tself, whereby the radial jaws clamping thework may be moved inwardly or outwardly and maintained firmly inposition at any point to which they may be moved. Other objects of theinvention are to provide a simple, compact chuck of great strengthhaving its jaw operating mechanism inclosed and protected from injury,dust or the like, as well as eliminating all possibility of injury tothe operators of the lathe. ln carrying out our invention we prefer toutilize three or more radially slidable gripping jaws which engage thework to be held by the chuck, automatically centering the same androtating the work so held with the chuck. We also employ a spirallygrooved member or scroll to open and close the gripping jaws and actuatesaid scroll member in either direction at the will of the operator bymeans of sliding sleeves operated and locked by wedges, which sleevescontrol the rotation of a gear wheel which actuates the scroll.

Referring to the drawings illustrating a preferred embodiment of theinvention, Figure 1 is a front view view of our improved chuck, showingthe radial jaws to hold the work and the spiral or scroll member indotted lines. Fig. 2 is a cross sectional view on the line 2*2 of Fig.1, showing one half the chuck in cross section and the remaining half inplane view.

It will be appreciated that we may make our improved chuck of anysuitable size, diameter or strength, and with the jaws specially formed,if desired, for particular lines of work. Also any desired means ofattaching the chuck to a lathe, spindle or other rotary member of amachine, may be employed, the important features of our invention beingthe method of and means for automatically moving the work-holding jawsinwardly or outwardly and locking them where so moved.

rlhe chuck comprises a principal member having a hub 1 and a flange 2,preferably formed integrally therewith, which flange is provided with aplurality of grooved slides, here shown as three in number, 3, t and 5,each slide having grooves or ribs 6, 6, therein, to engage correspondingrecesses 7 in the sides of each of the radial jaws 8, 9 and 10. Thesejaws may have a plurality of gripping faces 11, 12 and 13 as is usual.Each jaw carries on its rearward portion a projecting pin 14E, extendingthrough the slide openings in position to engage with the spiral groove15 formed in the face of a ring 17 immediately back of the fiange 2.This scroll member 17 may be mounted to rotate on a ball bearing andraceway as indicated at 18, F ig. 2, which bearing is of usual type andextends entirely around the hub l, a track 19 being fitted around thehub l for the purpose and a hardened bearing ring 20 welded or otherwisesecured to the scroll member 17 to constitute this bearing. Rotation ofthe member 17 and consequently a radial shifting of each jaw 8, 9 and 10through engagement of the respective pins 14 in the scroll groove, willact to open or close the jaws, as will be readily understood. l/Veprefer to arrange the pins 14C of each slide properly offset to allowfor the pitch of the groove and thus keep the jaws concentric with thecenter of the flange 2. rlhe scroll member 17 carries on its inner sideand near its outer periphery, a beveled gear 21 in position to mesh withthe gear teeth 22 of an idler 23 mounted on a bushing 24- carried by thestud 25, held in a washer 26, secured to a rim or cover 27 which may beformed integrally with the ange 2 or rigidly secured thereto, and whichconstitutes a cover for the scroll operating mechanism. To retain thestud 25 and idler 23 in place, we provide a head 28 on one end of thebolt 25 and attach a washer 29 by a screw 30 threaded into the other end31 of the stud, preferably having the latter square so that the rotationof the idler 23, when the same occurs, will rotate the stud 25 withinthe bushing 24. Ar-

ranged oppositely to the gear 21 on the scloll member 17 a ring32 havingcorresponding gear teeth 33 tomesh ivith tlieidler QS'and, preferably, aball bearing 3% is positioned between the end of the Washer 26 and thestud ring 32, grooving raceivays therefor, as clearly shown in Fig. 2.

Itivillbe noted that the stud carrying the idler 23, the scrollfmember17 'andlthe ring 32, which bears directly aeainst the inner ysurfaceofthe cover"27,`W1llallhe rotated with'the hub 1 `Vand 'flangej ofthechuck under normal conditions, Lthe v ra dial jaivs V8, 9 and 10 4beingsimilarly rotated vvith'th'e saidjjavvs'iii relative positien,determined bythe positi'nof their vstuds "lil1 in the groove 15.Howevenif themember 1 7 is held against rotation Wliile the 'chuckcontinues its rotation, the continued movement of the flange 2 carryingthe j avv's 8,9 and '10 willautomatically move said slides rad'iallyofthe iange 2, as theirrespective studs '14 traverseth'e spiral 15, `whichis stationary Withthe member '17, 4the idler 23 rolling freely aroundthe gear Q1 `anticorr'elspondingly rotating the Aring 32. Conversely, ifthe ring'BZ is held'against rotation'du-ring the'continued operationofthe chuck, theidler 23 being carried around y'by the yrotating chuck,willltend to rotate the scrolll member 17 'on the ball bearings1S,"thusagain` moving the jaws 8,'9and 10 inth'eir respective slideivays'but invanopposit'e directio'ln'to that previously described. Thereforetlieslidingfjaws can 'be 'thus move'd either imvardly` or outwardlyvduring the limit' offv their sliding movement afforded by th'etpitch'ofthe groove 15, as long as the ring 82 or scroll inei'nb'er 17 arethusheld from rota-tion. Y Furthern'iore, when 'the scroll17angl'fla1`1'ge 2 are ,again rotated together, the jaws will belocked'firinly Wherever they have thus' been adjusted. A

'In order to hold either the ineinber 17 or the`ring 32 froinrotativemovement for the desired ylength 'of time to operate thejaws, 9 and 10,We provide devicesmountedon sliding sleeves concentric Witlrthe"h'ub 1.As shown in the' drawings, a sleeve 35jisarranged to. slide upon the hub"1, and )this sleeve carries 'at `its inner face a friction' 'disk 36,Vprefer'ably. carrying leather or the like friction lining: material 37,inA polsition'toem gage the scroll' n'in'nber 17 "when the slide' 35 ismovedforivardly or vtoward theflan'ge 2. The second'sleeve 3S is also'arranged to slide upon the'iirst sleeve 35 which second sleeve carriesafriction disk 39 preferablybiac'ed by a fian'ge -10 and being linedwith friction material 11 around its outer periphery in position toengage the ring 32. Movement of 'sleeve livvill detain the scroll member17 from* rotation, .permitting the continued rotation ofJ-the yflange-2to `slide the javvs, While release'ofthe'inember 17 and' the'slidforward of sleeve the ring fthe sleeves 35 and 38, We prezfer toemploy a handleveroperating a pair of Wedges"1lso the outer sleeve 38 isslotted at a"pliir`ality of points, v42,'ai-mindits periphery, toreceive a bolt 4:3, of less diameter than` the length of said slot,Which bltistlireaded into'a correspondingly:tapped recess i'n -thef,inner sleeve Se. plurality of; these bolts 43 are arranged, "and theyEpre"ve'nttlie'l normal-'ro- 't`1. tiiif ofI either sleeve "iv ith "thechuck, "-ivliile `pernntting the stlidihg *action thereon 4lasabpvefezplained. 'loaetuatefthesleeves 35 'and 3'8, provide, a"vvedgefnieinber"45, Ito which i'sfattached ap'ojecti'iig'lever 46 'ilraving 'its outer end lpivdt'ed f at 47 jto `a hand lever '4S-alsopi'votefd liteit) to-a bracket 50 secured 4jto'any iiXed "partoftheliath'e. 'A jsivinging movement ofthe liai'itlle 48 invvardly oro'iitiva'rdlyivillfaetuate `.the "Wedge member '45 tto lforce `the slideinwardly, saidslid'e havin'gabeveled facej 51 to coper- "ate withva"`si1iiilar beveled ffa'ce 5:2 oiif'said slide. VVe'al'solprefer toeXtentl oriebf the 4'studs 43 'sufiiciently, iff necessary, so thai-tfthe 1 saine may engage 'the bracket l"50 'or any" other 1 naar par@ orthe-raum, wie@ the fsieevess and 38 v,from rotation. A f simil-ar"ived'ge'd ineniberl' having thereon `a beveled face 56 tioi cooperate`with af correspondingly wedged facedmemberf( n'the lo'iversleeve''i'effects slitlinglmoveirifit of said sleeve, the slot '4Qpermitting? such relative motion 4between the -tlWo sleeves,l :asalready explained. iln order to retaiirandl assembleV thes'aid sleevesin Y,position'We thread-'a YWasher 5`A8-ontola threacledportiont ffthefhub '1,7 boring sp ahier holes '59 thereins'o" thatthesarre niay'berotatedI loyfa Wrench l In "rdigto inclose 'and proteetzthe 'gearandbrake' niechahismfas iv'ell as *tofafl'ord abacking and baringf'o'rthe'i'in'g SZfvveappl' l"a cap^60, having 'its eenter bored sufficientlyto 'encircle bothftlie sleeves andthewhub 1 and tvith itsoiiterfendportion' 'carryinga projecting Harige @litioy 'fit vvitliin'theurim ofth'ecover'; This ef- ,feetuall'y1 protects thefineelianisni frein dust,idirt and flying L'particles cut in the A"lathe, grinder" r'the like inwhich thechuck -isbeing'nsed. .The entire chuckmay be'applied to' thespindle vof a lathe in 'any desiredrnan- `1`ier,as bya ring 62' fittedo'nthe' reduced "end portion: 6'3""61 lthe'hub 1 and Withtbltsnti'iitted therethrough.

`:Our improved chuck l'isfquic'kly andinstautly operated, `beingalvvfaysl ready for .the atteiidant to 'open orfclosejtlie fvvrkholdingjavvs` thriighfthe .antonaticVf'rtation f the `chuck,"lbeiif1"einstantly released 'jivlien desired. Tre @ionen disks *prevent any`ldanger to either the vvo'rk'Y-or1 the'jaws'sh'oulid Eice its

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a careless workman hold the same in position too long or close the jawsmore tightly than the work demanded, as the engagement with the ring orscroll member would readily slip at such a time. The entire operatingOear for the scroll is compactly inclosed within a substantiallydust-proof cover and entirely within the normal limits of the chuck,while a simple, efficient and strong construction is provided therefor.

Our invention is further described and defined in the form of claims asfollows:

l.- A work holding chuck, having a hub adapted to be rotated by amachine element, a flange on said hub carrying a plurality ofwork-holding jaws for radial movement relatively with said hub, a scrollmember rotatable on said hub and having' means connecting each of saidjaws thereto, in combination with means for effecting relative r0-tative movement between said jaws and scroll to slide said jawsradially, including a pair of concentric sleeves, one being slidablymounted on said hub and the other slidably mounted on the rst sleeve,means to slide one or both sleeves at will and connections from saidsleeves to the scroll member to r0- tate it in either direction,comprising a lever, a pair of coperating wedge faces, and a stop on saidinner sleeve extending through an elongated slot in said outer sleeve.

2. A work-holding chuck, having a hub adapted to be attached to androtated by Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by

a machine element, a right angle liange thereon, a plurality of awsadapted to slide radially in the face of said flange, means to actuateall of said jaws simultaneously, comprising a member having a spiral campath, a friction disk in position to engage said member and effect thesliding movement of all said jaws in one direction, in combination witha second friction disk, a rotatable ring, and a gear, rotatably carriedwith the chuck and adapted to reverse the direction of rotation of saidmember, to move the jaws in the opposite direction, a pair ot'concentric sleeves on said hub, the inner one adapted to slide on saidhub and the outer sleeve adapted to slide on said inner sleeve, saidsleeves carrying respectively said friction disks, and a pair of wedgemembers tooperate either of said friction disks at will, and means tohold said sleeves where thus moved.

In testimony whereof, we have signed our names to this speciiication, inthe presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES J. MANUEL. MARSHALL L. RICHARDSON.

Witnesses to C. J. M.:

WM. B. PoULIN, DAVID BARsr-IELL.

Witnesses to M. L. R.: AARON C. WHITE, LEO X. SMITH.

addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

41Washington, D. C.

